Elior Group SA

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Elior Group is a large French multinational commercial catering and foodservice company. The group's core business is catering, with 2 main activities: contract catering and support services, organised around 2 commercial brands:[1]

  • Elior is the house brand for contract catering for business and industry, education, and healthcare. It operates alongside regional and specialised brands. Webpage
  • Elior Services provides cleaning, security, and maintenance, aimed particularly at healthcare facilities and sensitive industrial environments, along with facility management services.[2][3] Webpage

UK Brands

Elior UK is the 5th largest contract caterer in the UK. It has run the catering for many well-known sites, such as the Ministry of Defence, the Science Museum, the Natural History Museum, and the Royal Shakespeare Theatre, as well as for some UK universities. Elior UK is headquartered in Macclesfield, having been formed from Avenance UK and Eliance in Mar.2005.

The group operates under several brand names, both in the UK and in Europe; it also has a major presence in North America.

Plastics

WRAP-UK-Plastics-Pact.svg
Surprisingly, Elior is notably missing from the list of food companies signed up to the UK Plastics Pact. As a member of the United Nations Global Compact since 2004, this lack is most strange.
Hospitality and foodservice companies alone use ~2m tonnes of packaging and “other waste” every year, including disposable polystyrene cups. Lobby groups such as the British Plastics Federation and PlasticsEurope are covertly fighting against efforts to decrease plastic use, by cherry-picking statistics[1] and crafty advertising.[6]
  • Plastics Policy: trumpeted far and wide, Elior's incredibly vague and underwhelming policy boils down to a ban on plastic straws and stirrers.[7]
  • Bottled water: whilst touting its eco-credentials in "sustainably meeting demand", Elior has done nothing proactive to reduce the use of bottled water[2] - at 1 million bottles per minute.[8][9]

Biodiversity

Elior states it has "been using organic food products for nearly 15 years", but no figures are available apart from "an estimated 5% of total purchases in France, and 7% in schools". However, it does assert that it does not use palm oil or any GMO-labeled products[10] - but does that include non-labeled ingredients?

Company

Shareholders

Total float: 65.8%
Source: MarketScreener.svg, Mar.2020

Corporate Grouping

Elior SA
  • 88.4%: Elior Restaurations et Services SA + 11.6%: Elior Enterprises SAS
    • Elior UK Holdings Ltd, was Elior UK Ltd; was Langleysound Ltd, [02352329]
      • Nelson Hind Catering Management Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, [02391713]
      • Elior UK Services Ltd, [05032425]
      • Eliance UK Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, [03766617]
        • Hold and Co (UK) Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017 [04998195]
      • Catering & Allied Services (London) Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, OC
      • High Table Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, OC
      • Lexington Catering Ltd, [03428444]
      • 80%: Waterfall Elior Ltd, [10182710]
        • Hospitality Catering Services Ltd, dormant, [02413616]
        • Edwards and Blake Ltd, [03461947]
        • Waterfall Catering Group Ltd, OC
          • Waterfall Services Ltd, OC
          • Caterplus Services Ltd, [02594800]
          • 80%: Taylor Shaw Ltd, [06576188]
      • Elior UK plc, was: Avenance plc, Avenance Catering Ltd, Brian Smith plc, Brian Smith Catering Services Ltd, Langleysound Ltd, OC
        • HF Ventures Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, OC
          • 20%: Renard Resources Ltd, provides temporary and permanent staff to the hotel and catering industry, OC
        • Eliance Restaurants Ltd, was Trout About Enterprises Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, OC
          • Digby Trout Restaurants Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, [OC] 02151928
        • Azure Support Services Ltd, [OC]
          • Azure Catering Services Ltd, provided labour to Azure Support Services Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, OC
        • Digby Trout Restaurants Ltd, restaurants in museums, art galleries, department stores, related concessions, OC
          • Digby Trout (Tower of London) Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, OC
        • 50%: Riverside Events Ltd, provision of catering services at Durham County Cricket Club. Riverside Events LLP: 50%/50% JV between Azure Support Services Ltd and Durham County Cricket Club Holdings Ltd. (AR-Sept.2010)
          • Eliance Events Ltd, was Elior UK Holdings Ltd; was Eliance Events Ltd; dissolved Oct.2017, OC
            • Azure Support Services Ltd, dissolved Oct.2017, [OC] ++++
              • Le Bistro Catering Ltd, was McAreavey Ltd, dissolved, OC

  • Elitair SA, OC
  • Elior SCA, was HBI SCA
  • Groupe Elior SCA, no records found
  • Avenance Catering Group Ltd, was Brian Smith Group Ltd, dissolved Jan.2004, no records available, OC

Timelines

Elior Group

  • Sept.2019: TRIO Community Meals: Valley, Bateman Community Living and Lindley were combined under the new brand.[11] TrioCommunityMeals.com
  • Jul.2019: Areas was sold to PAI Partners. The sale of its concession catering activities enabled Elior to refocus on its historical core business, contract catering, turning into the 2nd largest player worldwide.
  • Jul.2019: Areas, Elior's brand for concession catering in airports, motorways, railway stations, and in cities, was sold to private equity firm PAI Partners SAS.[12][4][5]EliorGroup.com/CateringArchive-org-sm.svg, Areas.com
  • Jul.2018: Bateman Community Living, a division of Compass Group, was acquired by Elior North America. Bateman operates exclusively in the seniors delivered food market.[13]
  • Nov.2017: CBM Managed Services, a company operating in the correctional facilities foodservice market, was acquired by Elior's North American subsidiary, Summit Food Service.[14]
  • Oct.2017: Design Cuisine, a provider of special event catering services, was acquired by Elior North America.[15] DesignCuisine.com
  • Sept.2017: LAB: Elior Group set up a laboratory for ideation and experimentation, to invent "the catering model of the future".[16]
  • Apr.2017: Edwards and Blake, a Norfolk-based contract catering company, was acquired. The firm has a portfolio of contacts in the education, business and industry sectors.[17] EdwardsAndBlake.co.uk
  • Apr.2017: Lancer Hospitality, a USA contract caterer specialising in mass catering for cultural attractions, theme parks, business centres, schools and healthcare facilities, was acquired by Elior's subsidiary, Elior North America.[18] LancerHospitality.com
  • Feb.2017: Corporate Chefs, an American high-end catering company specialising in the premium corporate catering and education markets, was acquired.[19] CorporateChefs.com
  • Feb.2017: Expansion > India: two simultaneous acquisitions in collective catering: 100% of MegaBite Food Services and a 51% majority stake in C Ramachandran Catering Ltd (CRCL).[19][20]
  •  ??.2017: Sidekim Foods, a professional food service and production company specialising in healthier school nutrition, was acquired by Elior North America. Sidekim manufactures and assembles frozen and fresh food products. SidekimFoods.com
  • Oct.2016: La Belle Assiette: Elior acquired a minority stake in the catering startup, which offers online booking of independent caterers for individuals holding events in their home.[21]
  • Oct.2016: Abigail Kirsch was acquired by Elior North America. Abigail Kirsch is a New York-based company specialising in banqueting and events catering.[19] AbigailKirsch.com
  • Jul.2016: Hospes was acquired by Elior Ristorazione, an Elior Italian subsidiary. Hospes primarily operates in the corporate catering market in the north of Italy.[22]
  • Jul.2016: Waterfall Catering Group Ltd: Elior UK bought an 80% stake, with management and the sellers holding 20%. Waterfall is a contract catering group operating primarily in the health and social services (Caterplus brand) and education (Taylor Shaw brand) sectors.[23] The acquisition provided an exit for Lloyds Development Capital, the private equity arm of Lloyds Banking Group, which financed the secondary buyout in Dec.2014.[24] Caterplus.co.uk, TaylorShaw.com. WaterfallCatering.comArchive-org-sm.svg
  • Jun.2016: Autogrill: acquisition of its railway stations concession business in France.[25]
  • May.2016: Preferred Meals, an Illinois-based provider of meals, fresh-prepared snacks and frozen-prepared snacks, entrees, and complete meals for contract catering and home delivery, was acquired by Elior North America.[26] PreferredMeals.com
  • Apr.2016: Areas, Elior Group’s new international brand dedicated to travel catering, was launched.
  •  ??.2016: Hostesa was acquired by Serunion, an Elior contract catering subsidiary based in Spain and Portugal. Hostesa mainly operates in the education and elder care home catering markets in Catalonia and the Valencia region of Spain.[19]
  • Mar.2016: Elior Group officially adopted a new corporate name and tag "Time Savoured", when it celebrated its 25th anniversary.
ToDo: Websites, Reports, Reports, 2010-2017, AR-2005/6, Activity Report, Brands (2018), pp.62+

Holding Bercy Investissement SCA

  • Nov.2015: ABL Management Inc, a USA catering firm specialising in correctional facilities and higher education, was acquired. ABL also operates in the Seniors market with home delivery.[19][27][ ref]
  • Oct.2015: Alain Ducasse Entreprise: Elior bought at 10% stake in the company, with a view to both firms working in partnership on culinary consulting, bidding on concessions and creating catering concepts.[28]
  • Oct.2015: Cura Hospitality, a USA company in the healthcare and senior living dining services sectors, was acquired by Elior North America.[19] CuraHospitality.com
  • Aug.2015: Starr Restaurant Catering Group: (SRCG), TrustHouse Services Group acquired the catering arm of the USA high-end restaurant and catering group.[19][29] Subsequently renamed as "Constellation Culinary". StarrEvents.comArchive-org-sm.svg, ConstellationCulinary.com
  • Jul.2015: Areas: Elior bought 38.45% from Corporación Empresarial Emesa, becoming Areas' sole shareholder by holding 100% of the capital, in exchange for 5.22% of Elior's capital.
  • Oct.2014: Lexington Catering Ltd, a caterer in the City of London with a strong portfolio of leading London organisations, signed an agreement with Elior for its acquisition.[30] LexingtonCatering.comArchive-org-sm.svg, LexingtonCatering.london
  • Jun.2014: IPO: Elior returned to the stock market on the Euronext Paris. Elior announced its inclusion in the SBF 120 index in Mar.2015. BIM remained its largest shareholder, with 20.1% of the shares and voting rights.
  • Apr.2013: TrustHouse Services, a provider of outsourced food management services to educational institutions, healthcare facilities and businesses, was bought from private equity firm Gryphon-Inv.com. Elior partnered with its two main shareholders (78%) and TrustHouse’s management (22%) for the acquisition. TrustHouse was put together in 2008 by Gryphon and Mike Bailey (former CEO of Compass Group plc). The transaction included its subsidiary acquisitions Aladdin Food Management; AmeriServe Food Management; Fitz Vogt & Associates; A’viands LLC; Lindley Food Services; and Valley Services Inc.[31],[32]ref Trusthouse was the 4th largest player in the US healthcare, education and correctional food services industries. Website
    • Jun.2012: Valley Services, the US market leader in the senior nutrition sector, particularly in the home-delivered meal segment (Meals on Wheels), was acquired.[12]ref Website
    • Apr.2012: Lindley Food Service, specialising in Meals on Wheels for seniors and catering solutions for under-served children, was acquired.
    • Jul.2011: A’viands Food and Service Management LLC, a premier food services provider in the education, healthcare and corrections sectors, was acquired by TrustHouse Services, including A'viands subsidiary, Summit Food Service.[12]ref In 2014, A'viands acquired Consolidated Food Management Inc. Website
    • Apr.2008: Aladdin Food Management Services, AmeriServe Food Management Services and Fitz, Vogt & Associates, were acquired through a newly-formed company, TrustHouse Services Group Inc.[12]ref Website
  • Jan.2013: Serunión: HBI Elior acquired an additional 9.25%; Serunión became wholly-owned by the group.ref
  • May.2012: Ansamble, a family-owned Italian group, was acquired.
  • Apr.2012: Gemeaz Cusin, a major player in the Italian institutional catering market, was acquired from private equity firm Faberstone Capital Partners.ref (In 1975, Gemeaz Cusin became part of Jaques Borel International, a world leader in the field of canteen replacement services. From 1983-2007, it was part of French multinational Accor. In Oct.2007, Barclays Private Equity acquired control.ref In Oct.2011, Faberstone Capital was established to manage the spin-off of Barclays Private Equity's Italian portfolio.ref)
  • Jan.2012: Private Equity Payday: Charterhouse stripped Elior of €349m ($453m) of cash to pay itself one of the largest leveraged buyout dividends since the start of the financial crisis in Europe.ref
  • Sept.2011: Alessa, a Spanish contract catering company, was acquired to reinforce market leadership in Spain.
  • Jun.2011: Revamp: Elior gave itself a makeover by revamping its logo, but especially by restructuring its historical brands. Exit Eliance and Avenance in favor of 3 major divisions: Elior Concession (for the City, Airport, Highway, Station and Leisure), Elior Restauration (collective catering for Business, Education and Health) and Elior Service (Cleanliness and Facilities Management).ref
  • Mar.2011: Elior Nederland, an Amsterdam-based foodservices business operating in the B&I, Education and Healthcare sectors, was sold to Compass Group's Compass Nederland.ref
  • Jan.2011: RistoChef, the Italian restaurant operator, was sold to Edenred SA, a French company specialising in prepaid corporate services.ref,ref Edenred is a fellow spin-off from Accor Hotels.ref
  • 2010/2014: Areas became the global concession brand of Elior Group. Elior increased its stake in Areas to 100% in Jul.2015.
  • 2010: Sin & Stes, a French leader of cleaning and support services for businesses, was acquired.
  • 2009: Expansion: entry into the German concession catering market and deployment in airports and highway food services and catering business in the USA.
  • 2009: Arce: acquisition in Spain.
  • Apr.2008: Azure Support Services Ltd: Eliance Restaurants Ltd acquired Charlotte Ventures Ltd's 49% shareholding, to acquire full control of the sports, stadia and leisure catering firm, whose clients included Glasgow Rangers, Kempton Racecourse and Durham County Cricket Club. Website.arch
  • 2008: Hold & Company, manager of the "Paul" brand in French and British railway stations, was acquired.
  • 2008: MyChef: Elior gradually acquired an 80% ownership, consolidating its position in concession catering in Italy. MyChef became Areas Italy. Website
  • May.2007: Elior UK restructure: the company was reorganised into 3 divisions: a newly-created Elior Integrated Services facilities management business (including Avenance Defence Contracts); Concessions (travel and retail contracts such as Tesco, Azure, Digby Trout and newly-created venue-finding service Venue-Elior); and Contract Management (Avenance Business & Industry, and the newly-separated education and healthcare businesses).
  • 2007: Private Equity Payday: Charterhouse took out ~€100m euro dividend, when it recapitalised Elior’s debt.ref
  • 2007: Gatsby in Chile, was taken over by Areas.
  • 2007: Vivae, a French catering group, and Concerta, an Italian company, were acquired.
  • 2007: Concerta, an Italian company, was acquired.
  • 2007: Vivae, a French catering group, was acquired.
  • 2007: BIM: Robert Zolade brought his 25% stake in the Elior group to Bagatelle Investissement et Management (BIM). BIM had the financial means to start diversifying its portfolio.
  • Dec.2006: Holding Bercy Investissement SAS: Robert Zolade (24.7%) joined forces with private equity firms Charterhouse Capital Partners (62.3%), Chequers Capital Partners (7.8%), and board and key managers (5.2%) to acquire Elior's share capital.ref Elior was then delisted from the stock market.AR-Sept.2007, p.21,ref,ref Part of the reason for the company being taken private was Compass Group's sale of its travel concession business SSP (Select Service Partner),[5] but the acquisition by Elior was not possible in a stock configuration.
  • May.2006: Elior and Holding Bercy Investissement, the investment vehicle controlled by Elior CEO Robert Zolade, launched a public offering, after the European Commission approved the deal.ref

Elior SCA

  • 2006: Générale Hôtellerie de Santé was acquired.
  •  ??.2006: Eurofood, a Milan-based contract caterer in the Business & Industry sector, was acquired. AR-2005/6, p.2 https://www.eurofooditaly.it/
  •  ??.2005/6: Station Restauration, a chain of retail outlets in France, was acquired. The company operates through the "Pain Soleil" takeaway banner and the buffet specialist Pub Station.AR-2005/6, p.28
  •  ??.2005/6: First Maintenance Company (FMC) and Gestion Déléguée de Services (GDS), two Facilities Management specialists in France, were acquired.AR-2005/6, p.20
  • Mar.2005: Elior UK was restructured into two divisions: Avenance (Business & Industry) and Eliance (Eliance concessions, Digby Trout, Azure, and education, health and defence).
  • Jan.2005: Areas: Elior boosted its stake in Areas from 60% to 69%. Areas was a concession catering company operating in Spain, Portugal and Latin America. Areas' stake in airport retailer Dufry was increased to 23.7%.
  • Oct.2004: Azure Support Services Ltd, a sports and leisure caterer, was acquired by Eliance Events Ltd, a venture between Eliance Restaurants UK Ltd (51%) and Charlotte Ventures Ltd (49%).
  • 2004: Les Repas Parisiens, a contract catering company in France was acquired; and Hôpital Service in the healthcare space.
  • 2003: Serunion SAU: acquisition of 100% of the Spanish company's shares. Website, Website.arch
  • Oct.2002: Digby Trout Restaurants Ltd: Elior acquired a controlling interest in the British concession catering company from its parent company, Trout About Enterprises Ltd. Elior completed the acquisition that autumn, renaming the company as "Eliance Restaurants Ltd". Digby Restaurants.arch, Eliance Restaurants.arch
  • 2001: IPO: Elior completed a new public offering, selling an additional 19% of its stock. Following the IPO, a total of ~57% of Elior's stock was listed on the market.
  • 2001: Les Repas Parisiens: a 34% share was acquired. Website.arch
  • 2001: Services & Santé: a 38% stake was acquired in the French firm.
  • Apr.2001: Areas: Elior entered into a JV with the concession business, which had restaurants in motorway service stations, railway stations and shopping centres.
  • Apr.2001: Serunion SAU: a 41% stake in the Spanish contract caterer was acquired.
  • May.2000: Nelson Hind Holdings Ltd, a catering business operating throughout England and Scotland, was acquired. In Oct.2001, all trade, assets and liabilities were transferred to Avenance Catering Ltd. Nelson Hind.arch
  • Apr.2000: Elior floated on the Euronext Paris stock exchange with an offer of 36% of its capital, in order to fuel its continued international expansion.
  • 2000: Aerocomidas, a 51% stake in the Mexican airport catering concessions group was acquired.
  • 1999: RistoChef: Elior acquired a minority stake in the Italian company; increased to 50% in 2000; 100% in 2004.ref RistoChef was incorporated into Avenance Italie in Apr.2004.ref. Website.arch Logo
  • 1999: Osesa, a Spanish contract caterer, was acquired.
  • 1999: Société Hôtelière de l'Aéroport International de Brest, operator of restaurant concessions at Brest Awirport, was acquired.
  • 1999: GHS Exploitation, a hospitals and healthcare specialist, was acquired.
  • 1999: SRPMC: Elior acquired full control of the French autoroute concessions group.ref
  • Jul.1999: Eurocater plc: a further 30% was acquired, and the final 20% in Dec.2000. Eurocater took over all of Catering & Allied's UK and Netherlands operations, as well as Elior's Dutch holdings.
  • Apr.1999: Brian Smith Catering Services Ltd: Elior UK Ltd purchased 100% of Brian Smith Holdings Ltd's share capital, giving Elior a 50% share of the UK's high-end executive catering market. Brian Smith, a contract caterer in Leicester, held the contract for Her Majesty's Courts ServiceWikipedia-W.svg, an agency of the Ministry of Justice. Brian Smith was subsequently renamed as "Avenance Catering Group Ltd".
  • 1998: Elior SCA: Bercy Management changed its name, and established two branded divisions: Avenance for contract catering, and Eliance for commercial and concessions catering. Advent International swapped its 49% stake in Eliance for a 25% share in Elior. Avenance.arch

Holding Bercy Management

  • Jan.1997: Compass Group bought an 11.17% stake in Compagnie Générale de Restauration from Compagnie Générale des Eaux, which wanted to offload part of its 47% holding. The CGR management retained a majority shareholding, plus 77% of the voting rights.ref
  • 1997: Générale de Restauration: Bercy Management bought out both Générale des Eaux and the manager shareholders.
  • 1997: Holding de Restauration Concédée: Eliance acquired the French concession catering company, one of France's top commercial caterers.
  • 1997: Eliance, a JV holdco, was formed by Bercy Management (51%) and American venture capital and private equity firm Advent International Corporation (49%). Bercy Management contributed its existing Elitair concessions catering arm.
  • Nov.1996: Hallmark Executive Catering Ltd: High Table Ltd acquired a 76% interest in the south east England contract caterer; the remaining 24% was acquired in Jul.1997. The company was gradually hived up into High Table Ltd.
  • Jan.1996: Avenance Enseignement: (Avenance Education), a leader in the school catering market, was born from the takeover by Générale de Restauration of d'Orly Restauration, two catering companies specialising in school catering.ref Financiäre Générale de Restauration, which already owned 25% of Elior, bought out Banque Rivaud and (most of) Compagnie Générale des Eaux, each of which held 33.3%.ref GR retained a minority stake.ref,ref
  • May.1995: Eurocater Ltd was established as 50%/50% investment holdco with Catering & Allied Services (International) Ltd, a contract catering company operating in the UK and the Netherlands via Holland Catering Specialisten. Eurocater took over Catering & Allied's Dutch holdings; and the partnership gave Bercy Management a 27% share in Catering & Allied. Catering & Allied.arch Logo
  • 1995: Pomme de Pain, a French-style fast-food chain, was acquired.
  • 1996: High Table: Bercy Management bought the remainder of the shares it did not already own.
  • Nov.1994: Drummond Thompson Ltd: High Table Ltd acq'd a 55% stake in the Manchester-based contract caterer. The outstanding shares were acquired in May.1995 (25%), and in 1996 (20%).
  • 1992: High Table: Bercy Management bought a minority stake in the UK catering company which, at the time, had the catering contract for the London Stock Exchange, but lost it in Oct.1994 to Charlton House Catering.ref, Charlton House.arch, CH High Table was the UK's 6th-largest contract caterer.
  • 1994: Elite Aeropuertos, a new Spanish subsidiary targeting the airport catering sector, was launched in Spain.
  • 1994: Générale de Restauration: Bercy Management bought out Accor’s 50% holding, thereby raising its own stake to 85%. GR was then Europe's 3rd largest contract caterer.
  • 1993: Orly Restauration: a 25% stake gave Bercy Management an opening into the airport concessions sector.
  • 1993: Elitair: Bercy Management expanded into France, acquiring a stake in the catering group.
  • 1991: Holding Bercy Management: the group was founded via a management buy-in by Robert Zolade and Francis Markus, together with another 300 managers, who joined forces to take a 35% stake in Générale de Restauration, Accor Hotels's catering business. Accor retained a 50% interest, with Compagnie Générale des Eaux (later Vivendi) holding 15%. OC
  • Mar.1989: High Table Ltd: Elitair SA, via Langleysound Ltd,OpenCorporates-sm.svg acquired a 61.33% shareholding "by way of gift" from ??.
  • 1970s: Francis Markus and Robert Zolade began their careers in the catering business, working for Jacques Borel International, owned by Accor Hotels since the 1980s.ref,ref
Additional Sources: Our History. Areas SAU. Accessed Oct.2019. ♦ History of Elior Group. Elior Group SA. Accessed Oct.2019. ♦ BIM: History. Bagatelle Investissement et Management (BIM). Accessed Oct.2019. ♦ Holding Bercy Investissement (HBI). Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011. See pp.64-75 for a full list of consolidated companies. Elior Group SA. Accessed Oct.2019. ♦ Elior SA. Company Histories. Accessed Oct.2019. ♦ Elior UK company profile 1991-2004. The Caterer. Accessed Oct.2019. ♦ Elior UK company profile 2005-2009. The Caterer. Accessed Oct.2019.

Articles

  • Jun.01.2016: Elior reduces carbon footprint by 59%. Elior UK has reduced its carbon footprint by 59% in the last seven years, according to the contract caterer's latest corporate social responsibility report. Katey Pigden, The Caterer.

References

  1. ^ Elior Services: three complementary areas of expertise. Elior Group SA. Accessed Oct.2020.
  2. ^ Elior Group activities. Elior Group SA. Accessed Oct.2020.
  3. ^ Our websites. Elior Group SA. Accessed Oct.2020.
  4. ^ a b PAI Partners submits a binding offer for the acquisition of Areas. PAI Partners SAS, Apr.24.2019.
  5. ^ a b Elior Group completes the sale of Areas to Pai Partners. In Italy the company controls MyChef, one of the most important travel retail players. European Food Agency, EFA News, Jul.02.2019.
  6. ^ Why do we need plastic packaging? British Plastics Federation. Accessed Oct.12.2020.
  7. ^ Elior to remove more than 1 million single-use straws as part of its new Plastics Policy. Elior Group SA, May.30.2018.
  8. ^ We're Now At A Million Plastic Bottles Per Minute - 91% Of Which Are Not Recycled. Trevor Nace, Forbes, Jul.26.2017.
  9. ^ Elior UK teams up with Water Unite to sustainably meet demand for bottled water. Elior Group SA, Sept.27.2019.
  10. ^ Elior Group commits to biodiversity. Elior Group SA, May.02.2016.
  11. ^ Elior strengthens position on the US seniors market. Press Release, Elior Group SA, Sept.25.2019.
  12. ^ a b c d .
  13. ^ Elior Group acquires Bateman Community Living in the USA. Press Release, Elior Group SA, Jul.02.2018.
  14. ^ Elior Group acquires CBM Managed Services in the US. Press Release, Elior Group SA, Nov.30.2017.
  15. ^ Design Cuisine acquired by Elior North America. Crunchbase, Oct.03.2017.
  16. ^ To invent the catering model of the future, Elior Group sets up a laboratory for ideation and experimentation. Press Release, Elior Group SA, Sept.14.2017.
  17. ^ Elior UK sees 5% increase in revenue but profits dip. Katie Pathiaki, The Caterer, Jul.11.2017.
  18. ^ Elior Group acquires Lancer Hospitality, reinforcing the Group’s position in contract catering in cultural and education venues in the US. Press Release, Elior Group SA, Apr.04.2017.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g Interim Financial Report. October 1, 2016 - March 31, 2017. Elior Group SA, May.30.2017.
  20. ^ Elior Group completes acquisitions of Megabite Food Services and CRCL. Restaurant India, May.02.2017.
  21. ^ Elior buys stake in online catering booking service. Neil Gerrard, The Caterer, Oct.21.2016.
  22. ^ Interim Financial Report. October 1, 2016 - March 31, 2017. Elior Group SA, May.30.2017.
  23. ^ Elior Group acquires Waterfall Catering Group. Sarah O'Beirne, Facilities Management Journal, Jul.20.2016. Original archived on Aug.12.2107.
  24. ^ Waterfall Catering Group: Catering for growth. Lloyds Development Capital. Accessed Mar.23.2020.
  25. ^ Elior Group Completes the Acquisition of Autogrill’s Railway Stations Concession Business in France and the Acquisition of Preferred Meals in the US. Business Wire, Jun.09.2016.
  26. ^ Elior Group to Acquire Preferred Meals, Strengthening the Company’s Position in the US Education & Senior Nutrition Markets. Business Wire, May.27.2016.
  27. ^ ABL Management, Inc. Has Been Acquired by Elior North America. GulfStar Group, Nov.30.2015.
  28. ^ Alain Ducasse Agrees to Sell a 10% Stake to Elior. Angeline Benoit, Bloomberg, Oct.05.2015.
  29. ^ Elior strengthens its position in contract catering in the United States with the acquisition of Starr Restaurant Catering Group. Press Release, StreetInsider.com, Aug.04.2015.
  30. ^ Elior buys Lexington Catering. Janie Manzoori-Stamford, The Caterer, Oct.01.2014.
  31. ^ Gryphon Investors Agrees To Sell TrustHouse Services Group To France’s Elior. Gryphon Investors, Mar.18.2013.
  32. ^ Holding Bercy Investissement (HBI). Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011. Elior Group SA.